Public Health Economists evaluate the economic impact of prevention programs, vaccination campaigns, health promotion strategies, and system-level interventions. They conduct cost-benefit analyses, assess resource allocation efficiency, model long-term economic impact of disease burden, and evaluate sustainability of public health initiatives. Responsibilities include analyzing epidemiological and financial data, advising policymakers, preparing economic evaluation reports, and supporting universal health coverage planning. They work in government health ministries, international organizations, research institutions, and global health agencies. Global demand is increasing due to pandemic preparedness efforts, health system strengthening initiatives, and emphasis on cost-effective population health strategies.